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Frederick Parkin Hammill (1856 - 8 July 1901), was a trade union activist, and a co-founder of the Independent Labour Party. ==Career== Known generally as "Fred", Hammill was born in Leeds in 1856, trained as an engineer, and moved to London to work at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, where he became a well-known labour activist and trade unionist. Hammill spoke in defence of John Burns in trials after the 1887 Trafalgar Square Riot, was active in the London Trades Council (seconding Burns's support for the 1891 Scottish rail strike) and in the TUC, and he would speak indoors and outdoors to crowds of up to 6,000 people.〔Educate, Agitate, Organise Library Editions: Political Science Vol 59: One Hundred Years of Fabian Socialism, by Patricia Pugh (2013).〕 He joined the Fabian Society in the early 1890s.〔'Fabian Notes' column of the ''Workman's Times'', 28 May 1892 - quoted in McBrian, A.M. (1996), ''Fabian Socialism and English Politics: 1884-1918'', Cambridge University Press, p.245.〕 In 1891 Hammill organised the London strike of bus and tram workers, and he was one of the founders of the Independent Labour Party.〔''Fred Hammill – A Short Biography'' (1893), (resource ), Cornell University, Kheel Center; USA. This text is a printed section at the start of: "The Necessity of an Independent Labour Party" pamphlet〕〔The Necessity of an Independent Labour Party": speech at the annual meeting of the Newcastle Independent Labour Party held at Newcastle on 3rd January, 1893. (pamphlet). Including a section at the start of the pamphlet: Fred Hammill – A Short Biography. Author: Fred Hammill, Publisher: Newcastle-on Tyne, UK: Dowling, (1893).〕 In 1893 he spoke at a demonstration and rally in Trafalgar Square on workers’ rights. Strongly associated with Will Crooks' Poplar-based Labour movement, Hammill helped establish the Woolwich ILP in 1894, with Robert Banner. In July 1895 he was the first socialist to stand for election to parliament in Newcastle. Unsuccessful, he changed tack to run a pub, for which he was criticised politically. He died on 8 July 1901 from influenza, aged 45 years. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fred Hammill」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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